feat(migrate): add export betterauth and Better Auth imports by royanger · Pull Request #528 · clerk/cli

royanger · 2026-10-06T23:22:20Z

PR 10 of 13 for clerk migrate (plan: slice-prs.md on #479). Stacked on #527: review that first, then this one, which shows only its own diff. It adds Better Auth export and import. Still behind CLERK_EXPERIMENTAL=migrate.

Try it

CLERK_EXPERIMENTAL=migrate clerk migrate export betterauth --db-url ./db.sqlite
CLERK_EXPERIMENTAL=migrate clerk migrate import <export-run-id> --dry-run

What it does

export betterauth reads the database through --db-url, BETTERAUTH_DB_URL, or a prompt. It reads Drizzle's snake_case and plural schemas too.
Import picks each user's password hasher, drops a password Clerk can't verify instead of rejecting the user, skips anonymous users, and keeps a ban only while it hasn't expired.

Reviewing

Ported from #479 at 7a820406, which includes baba0909 (Drizzle schemas). sources/betterauth.ts and export/betterauth.ts match #479. lib/db.ts adds "betterauth" to DbPlatform. The E2E file keeps its existing helpers and adds #479's Better Auth scrypt test on top, instead of taking #479's rewrite.

Tests

bun run test covers the unit and integration tests.
test/e2e/migrate.test.ts imports a Better Auth scrypt hash and verifies the password.
The live slice suite (pnpm test:migrate:slice4d) exports from the real Better Auth test app.

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changeset-bot · 2026-10-06T23:22:25Z

🦋 Changeset detected

Latest commit: f7f03ca

The changes in this PR will be included in the next version bump.

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📝 Walkthrough

The migration CLI now supports Better Auth database exports and imports. The exporter detects table and column variants, selects available plugin fields, and includes users without credential accounts. The import source maps Better Auth fields, handles supported password hashes, and marks anonymous users to skip. CLI registration, documentation, tests, and end-to-end password verification coverage are also updated.

Priority: ➖ Normal

Estimated code review effort: 3 (Moderate) | ~25 minutes

Merge Risk: 🟡 Moderate · up to effbe

Users with active temporary bans can remain banned after migration until manually unbanned, and malformed Argon2 hashes can prevent individual users from importing. Address or explicitly accept these behaviors before merging.

Pre-merge checks: 4 · 1

Failed checks: 1 warning

Check name	Status	Explanation	Resolution
Docstring Coverage		Docstring coverage is 68.75% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 16 functions across 14 files. (1 skipped:…	Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.

Passed checks: 4 passed

Check name	Status	Explanation
Title check		The title clearly and concisely identifies the main change: adding Better Auth export and import support to migration commands.
Description check		The description directly explains the Better Auth export and import behavior, supported schemas, password handling, anonymous-user handling, testing, and experimental status.
Linked Issues check		Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.
Out of Scope Changes check		Check skipped because no linked issues were found for this pull request.

Full details: Docstring Coverage

Explanation

Docstring coverage is 68.75% which is insufficient. The required threshold is 80.00%. Docstring coverage is scoped to functions touched by this diff. Analyzed 16 functions across 14 files. (1 skipped: 1 unsupported.)

Resolution

Write docstrings for the functions missing them to satisfy the coverage threshold.

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- Around line 143-148: Update the query-building logic that returns this SQL to
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packages/cli-core/src/commands/migrate/run.test.ts
packages/cli-core/src/commands/migrate/sources/betterauth.ts
packages/cli-core/src/commands/migrate/sources/registry.ts
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- Around line 1067-1069: Update the database-export statement in the README to
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Review comments at @packages/cli-core/src/commands/migrate/export/betterauth.ts:
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wyattjoh

Approving. A few non-blocking notes:

Epoch-seconds ban expiry given as a string lifts an active ban (packages/cli-core/src/commands/migrate/sources/betterauth.ts:116): Only a numeric banExpires gets the seconds-to-ms correction. A numeric string goes to toIsoDate(expiry, true), which treats it as milliseconds. That is the shape a CSV export of a Drizzle SQLite integer({ mode: "timestamp" }) column produces. So banExpires: "1794009950" (a ban that runs until 2026-11) is read as January 1970, counted as expired, and the user is imported unbanned. I reproduced this: the number 1794009950 keeps banned: true, and the string "1794009950" drops it. The comment above this code already expects CSV input for banned, so the expiry should be handled the same way.
Postgres detection scopes to current_schema(), not the search_path the query uses (packages/cli-core/src/commands/migrate/export/betterauth.ts:90): tableColumns only reads information_schema for current_schema(), which is the first schema on the search path that exists. The SELECT names the tables without a schema, so it resolves them through the whole search_path. If the Better Auth tables are in a later schema, for example public under "$user", public when a schema named after the role exists, detection finds nothing and falls back to the default. For a camelCase schema the export still runs, but it reports "No plugin columns detected" and silently drops username, phoneNumber and banned. It also stops skipping anonymous users, because isAnonymous is never selected. A snake_case schema fails with a missing-column error instead.

Sent from Claude

royanger · 2026-10-08T18:28:12Z

@wyattjoh Thanks. Both notes are fixed:

Epoch-seconds ban expiry as a string (8db219b): a digits-only string is now read like a number, so "1794009950" is seconds and the ban stays. A string at or above 1e11 is still read as milliseconds. Tests cover seconds and milliseconds as strings, future and past.
Postgres detection and search_path (e4a02d6): columns now come from the table to_regclass(quote_ident(name)) resolves, which is the same one the unqualified SELECT reads, instead of information_schema for current_schema(). I reproduced your case on Postgres 16, with "$user", public, a role-named schema, and the tables in public. Before the fix, camelCase found no plugin columns and snake_case failed on a.userId. After it, camelCase finds username, banned and isAnonymous, and snake_case exports.

Related: MySQL's "doesn't exist" now gets the table advice too (c5be588 on #524), so Better Auth on MySQL is covered as well as Auth.js.

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🟡 Minor · Document the unparseable-expiry fallback. · README.md:414-432

packages/cli-core/src/commands/migrate/README.md:414-432
🎯 Functional Correctness | 🟡 Minor | ⚡ Quick win

Document the unparseable-expiry fallback.

The exporter also keeps banned when it cannot parse banExpires. The “unset or in the future” wording omits this case, so users may expect a ban to be lifted when its stored expiry is malformed. State that an unparseable expiry keeps the ban. (raw.githubusercontent.com)
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Review comment at @packages/cli-core/src/commands/migrate/README.md around lines
414 - 432:
Update the ban-expiry description in the Better Auth exporter documentation to
state that an unparseable banExpires value also keeps the user marked as banned,
alongside the existing unset-or-future cases.

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royanger · 2026-10-16T22:25:04Z

@coderabbitai Re the outside-diff comment on README.md:414-432 (document the unparseable-expiry fallback): fixed in ba23f73. banned is now described as carried while banExpires is unset, in the future, or can't be read, which matches the source: an expiry that doesn't parse keeps the ban.

coderabbitai · 2026-10-16T22:25:29Z

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@royanger Thanks for the fix. Verified that packages/cli-core/src/commands/migrate/README.md, Lines 427–428, now states that banned is carried when banExpires is unset, in the future, or cannot be read. This addresses the documentation finding.

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Timestamp: 2026-10-09T17:56:09.750Z
Learning: In clerk/cli's TypeScript migration pipeline, Clerk bans have no end date. Active temporary source bans remain `banned` as the safer migration default. The internal schema field `banEndsAt` preserves the source expiry for remediation checks and must never be sent to Clerk. The checks warn that these users remain banned until explicitly unbanned in Clerk. In packages/cli-core/src/commands/migrate/sources/betterauth.ts, Better Auth bans without an expiry are permanent and receive no `banEndsAt`.

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- Around line 1283-1285: Update the database export description in the README to
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`clerk migrate export betterauth` reads a Better Auth database over --db-url (or BETTERAUTH_DB_URL, or a prompt): Postgres, MySQL, libsql/Turso or SQLite. It reads the schema before it queries, so it finds the tables (`user`/`account`, or the plural ones under usePlural), the column spelling (camelCase, or the snake_case Drizzle's generator writes by default) and the plugin columns in use. Passwords come from a LEFT JOIN onto the credential account, so OAuth-only users are still exported. `clerk migrate import` reads Better Auth exports, detecting the hasher per user (Better Auth's scrypt as scrypt_werkzeug, bcrypt, argon2), dropping a password Clerk cannot verify rather than rejecting the user, skipping anonymous users, and carrying a ban only while it has not expired. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

…imports Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

The credential-account join returns a row per account, so a user with two was exported twice and the import refused the duplicate source ID. Rows that agree are now one user. A user whose accounts hold different hashes is skipped and named, rather than given whichever hash came first. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

…ts own Better Auth maps each model's fields separately, so a snake_case user table can sit next to a camelCase account table. The casing came from the user table alone, and the join then named account columns that do not exist. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Better Auth maps each field separately, so one table can hold user_id next to providerId. Each column now resolves against the table's own columns, as named or in snake_case, rather than from one guess per table. A `user` table without Better Auth's verified column is also passed over for the plural one. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

… a string A CSV of a Drizzle SQLite timestamp column holds epoch seconds as text, which was read as milliseconds: a ban running into next month dated from 1970, counted as expired, and the user came across unbanned. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

…_path Columns were read from information_schema for current_schema() only, the first schema on the search_path that exists. The export's unqualified SELECT resolves through the whole path, so with the tables in public behind a schema named for the role, detection found nothing: a camelCase schema lost its plugin columns and a snake_case one failed. Columns now come from the table to_regclass resolves, the same one the SELECT reads. Checked against Postgres 16 with "$user", public. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

… hash A Better Auth ban with a future `banExpires` carried as `banned` and the expiry was deleted; Clerk's ban has no end, so the user stayed banned after the ban should have ended, with nothing saying so. The end date now goes to `banEndsAt`, for the checks' warning. A ban with no expiry is Better Auth's permanent one and keeps none. The bcrypt fixtures were placeholders the stricter hasher detection now drops; they use real-shaped digests, and a malformed one is tested as dropped with the user imported. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

…ut a password, not at all A user whose credential accounts held different hashes was left out of the export, so never migrated, the opposite of the import dropping a hash it cannot use. They are now exported without one, flagged `password_dropped`, which the source maps to passwordDropped so the checks count them. The README also says that Better Auth leaves most emails unverified unless requireEmailVerification is on, and what the checks do about it. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

… user, but the checks still can Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

royanger mentioned this pull request Oct 6, 2026

feat(migrate): add export authjs and Auth.js imports #529

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royanger added this pull request to stack #521 October 6, 2026 23:22

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Comment thread packages/cli-core/src/commands/migrate/export/betterauth.ts

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royanger and others added 15 commits October 16, 2026 23:05

test(migrate): e2e Better Auth scrypt hash verifies after import

70ec697

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

docs(changeset): Add clerk migrate export betterauth and Better Auth …

8f387ee

…imports Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

fix(migrate): never re-prompt for a Better Auth connection under --json

db62f46

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

docs(migrate): say libsql:// exports go over HTTP

9ac3ddc

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

docs(migrate): say a dropped Better Auth password does not reject the…

8d30f0a

… user, but the checks still can Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

docs(migrate): say a Better Auth ban whose expiry can't be read is kept

f0c3056

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

docs(migrate): scope the libsql:// exception to Better Auth

f7f03ca

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

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royanger commented Oct 6, 2026

Try it

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